Whole Foods Market, once the darling of the grocery industry, is facing a whole lot of problems. Poor shareholder performance threatens founder and CEO John Mackey’s position. New directors have been added to deter activist investors and improve relationships with major institutional investors. Some argue that for all its previous success, Whole Foods has not mastered Retail 101 and that is why it is failing. Perhaps – no retailer gets away with poor service and unnecessarily high prices these days. From my perch, however, the core issue facing Whole Foods is its business model. Organic and healthy was once a unique niche within the grocery industry, warranting a separate store. Now, fresh and organic are mainstream. Niches are alcoves — protected places. They exist in our natural world. In our economy, they’re specialized markets. By serving a narrower target market (Four Seasons versus…
The danger of turning opinions into facts
One of the hardest challenges facing leaders is making decisions in the face of uncertainties. To deal with the discomfort of uncertainty, some leaders turn their assumptions and beliefs into “facts” in their mind. That’s unfortunate. Stick blindly to ill-informed thinking, as some prominent leaders have done, and you’ve doomed your company to decline. Let’s look at some examples. Ironically, it was a Kodak engineer (Steve Sasson) who invented one of the first digital cameras in 1975. Three decades later, Kodak’s leaders made decisions seemingly based on a belief that digital photography would have a slow uptake, even though by that time digital cameras dominated the marketplace. Why? Digital technology made saving and sharing photos effortless. Blockbuster believed stores offered the most convenient video rental and purchasing experience. Its CEO turned down an opportunity to purchase Netflix in 2000. “Netflix doesn’t do anything…
In Amazon vs. Netflix war, Amazon wins the battle for satisfied customers
Competition in a free market economy favors the lowest cost business model as markets mature and price-driven shoppers grow in size. Design a business model that delivers unique benefits, on the other hand, and you must also focus on efficiency. Because customers only pay price premiums for unique benefits, any inefficiency costs come right off your bottom line. Is it any wonder then that on-line retailing is growing by leaps and bounds, steadily gaining share against in-store retail? E-commerce is far more efficient, something Amazon understood in disrupting the book industry. In addition, on-line sales lower consumers’ indirect costs by saving time and gas money and, during the busy holiday season, avoiding the frustration of fighting crowds. Nevertheless, efficiency and convenience won’t overcome frustrating on-line shopping experiences. So how successfully are on-line retailers satisfying the increasingly demanding consumer? Better and better according to…
Will Netflix’ business model crash as entertainment streams converge?
Netflix’s stock price is falling, fast. My take is that the decline has much more to do with the long-term viability of its business model than the stated cause – recent defections in subscribers owing to a change in its pricing formula and a (since averted) break-up of the company into two parts. Here’s a business model lens on Netflix’s issues. Boundaries are melting in the entertainment world as content that used to be available in only one way becomes accessible in multiple ways. We can see TV shows on the Internet, read physical books on-line, use videogame boxes to watch movies-on-demand and buy hardware solutions that transfer data streams acquired on our computers to our TV screens. Hollywood’s new UltraViolet System will give consumers free Internet or cable access to any purchased DVD. What’s the implication for Netflix of convergence to one…
“Better Late than Never” Is a Risky Bet in Business Model Innovation
Blockbuster, the largest retail chain for renting and buying videos, is scrambling. Watching movies at home has become as natural as watching TV shows, and internet speed is steadily increasing. The two forces have created new opportunities for connecting viewers with the videos they want to see. New industry entrants grabbed these opportunities as new entrants always do. After all, why go after a leader where the leader is strongest? Netflix provides movies on-line and by mail, with an Amazon-like artificial intelligence that helps to inform a member’s choices. Redbox offers dollar rentals in kiosks located in grocery stores, a disruptive business model innovation that captures spur of the moment purchase decisions. Both business models increase convenience. Still other kiosk competitors exist. U Flick, a start-up in Madison, Wisconsin, for example, places kiosks on college campuses. The niche succeeds because they’ll offer films…